Estimate precision of a measure based on sample size

These functions calculate the precision of an estimate given a certain sample size. For ratio measures, like the risk ratio, rate ratio, and odds ratio, this is the ratio of the upper to lower limit of the confidence interval. For difference measures, like the risk difference or rate difference, this is the absolute width of the confidence interval.

precision_risk_difference(
  n_exposed,
  exposed,
  unexposed,
  group_ratio,
  ci = 0.95
)

precision_risk_ratio(n_exposed, exposed, unexposed, group_ratio, ci = 0.95)

precision_rate_difference(
  n_exposed,
  exposed,
  unexposed,
  group_ratio,
  ci = 0.95
)

precision_rate_ratio(n_exposed, exposed, unexposed, group_ratio, ci = 0.95)

precision_odds_ratio(
  n_cases,
  exposed_cases,
  exposed_controls,
  group_ratio,
  ci = 0.95
)

Arguments

n_exposed, n_cases	In cohort studies, the number of exposed participants. In case-control studies, the number of cases.
exposed	The risk or rate among the exposed cohort.
unexposed	The risk or rate among the unexposed cohort.
group_ratio	In cohort studies, the ratio of the unexposed to the exposed. In case-control studies, the ratio of the controls to the cases.
ci	The confidence interval as a probability or percent. Default is .95.
exposed_cases	The proportion of exposed cases.
exposed_controls	The proportion of exposed controls.

Value

a tibble with precision, effect measure, and sample size

References

Rothman, K.J. and Greenland, S. 2018. Planning Study Size Based on Precision Rather Than Power. 29(5):599-603.

Examples

# From Rothman and Greenland 2018

precision_odds_ratio(
  n_cases = 500,
  exposed_cases = .6,
  exposed_controls = .4,
  group_ratio = 2
)
#> # A tibble: 1 × 9
#>   precision odds_ratio n_cases n_controls n_total exposed_cases exposed_controls
#>       <dbl>      <dbl>   <dbl>      <dbl>   <dbl>         <dbl>            <dbl>
#> 1      1.55       2.25     500       1000    1500           0.6              0.4
#> # … with 2 more variables: group_ratio <dbl>, ci <dbl>